Quran: The Quran is the last revealed words of Allah. Quran is the primary source of every Muslim’s faith and practice. Quran deals with all the subjects who concern human beings i.e. wisdom, worship, doctrine etc but its basic theme is the relationship between God and His creatures. The Quran was revealed on the Last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Quran have:

Chapters     30          Sections       114        Manzil    7

Sunnah: Linguistically, Sunnah is an Arabic word which means a path or a way. However, it is a primary source of law taken from the sayings, actions and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It is the second most authoritative source for shariah. Commonly known or understood to be the action and saying of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). As Muslims we believe that the law Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) came with, is a divine revelation from our Creator, Allah. However many people believe that the Qur'an is the only form of divine revelation, as it is the literal word of Allah. This view is incorrect as it contradicts the Qur'an itself. About the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), Allah says: “Your companion (Muhammad) is neither astray nor being misled. Nor does he speak of his own desire. It is (only) the revelation with which he is inspired” (Surah An-Najm 53:2-4). Thus as Muslims, we are required to believe that the Qur'an and Sunnah go hand in hand together as our sources of legislated law. Both are revelation from Allah, the most High. The Qur'an is composed of the actual words of Allah, whereas the Sunnah is expressed through the words, actions and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Another difference is that the Qur'an is recited formally in the prayers whereas the Sunnah is not.

Sunna also have sira, which is biographical accounts of life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The ahadith (not the sira) constitute the legally significant element of the Sunnah.

The many hundred of thousand of hadiths have been recorded in a number of hadith collections of which six collections are held to be the most authantative (or strong hadith) means their chain of transmission is considered solid.

·         Sahih al-Bukhari.

·         Sahih Muslim.

·         Sunan an-Nasa'i al-Sughra.

·         Sunan Abu Dawood.

·         Sunan al-Tirmidhi.

·         Sunan ibn Majah.

The two most important collections of all are those by Sahih Al Bukhari (collected and compiled by Muhammad bin Ismaeel know as Imam Bukhari 810-870 and Sahih Muslim (Muslim bin al Hijjaj 817 or 818 to 874 or 875 known as Imam Muslim.

Ijma: Ijmaa is the term used for opinion or command of Islam where all the good and respected scholars of Islam are unanimous in their ruling.

For example, there is Ijmaa amongst the scholars that there are five obligatory prayers, or that adhaan must be given before the prayers, or that a funeral prayer must be read over a deceased believer, or that swine is prohibited in Islam, etc.

Ijtehaad: The literal meaning of Ijtehaad is derived from the root word jehad or striving, to find a solution in light of the guidance of the Quran and Sunnah.

Ijtehaad is the process where the scholars of Islam strive to find a solution to an issue on which the Quran and Sunnah are silent. For example an issue of the modern times is: is it legal to pull off the life-support system of a brain-dead declared person?

Because it is a new development of modern technology, the Quran and Sunnah are obviously silent on the issue. Thus the respected scholars of Islam must do ijtehaad and derive a ruling whether such a thing is permissible or impermissible in Islam, in light of the guidance of the Quran and Sunnah.

Qiyaas: Qiyaas is a term used when determining the root-cause of the process to do Ijtehaad. Qiyaas is a process whereby a clear ruling of the permissibility or impermissibility of an act or thing is applied to an issue closest related to it. For example, Allah and His Messenger (saws) have declared khamr (wine, alcohol, etc.) haraam. Now if someone were to ask for a ruling on the usage of marijuana, the scholars of Islam would do Qiyaas and determine the root cause of the haraam of khamr is its intoxication; thus all things that intoxicate would be considered haraam. Because the usage of marijuana intoxicates, it too would be considered haraam.